The Air and Space Campaign Medal is an award of the United States Air Force which was first created on April 24, 2002 by order of Secretary of the Air Force James G. Roche. The Air and Space Campaign Medal may be awarded to members of the USAF who, after March 24, 1999, supported a significant U.S. military operation designated by the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force as qualifying for the Air and Space Campaign Medal.

To be eligible for the Air and Space Campaign Medal a service member must perform direct support of a military operation for at least thirty consecutive days or for sixty non-consecutive days. "Direct support" is defined as deploying in support of an ASCM approved operation or if performing functions at home station or from outside the geographic area of combat which historically were deployed forward, or entirely new and future missions., which due to technological advances are no longer constrained by geographic location. This includes, but is not limited to, sortie generation, intelligence, surveillance, targeting, computer network attack operations, etc. Squadron Commanders may determine other functions that meet the intent of this award.

Members who provided direct support for 30 consecutive or 60 nonconsecutive days to one of these operations, at homestation, or from outside of the geographic area of combat qualify for the Air and Space Campaign Medal.